Submissions

Dear Authors,

Articles earmarked for publication in the Malopolska School of Economics in Tarnow Research Papers Collection shall be submitted exclusively in electronic form in our Open Journal System (at: http://zn.mwse.edu.pl). Submission is available for registered users only. Submitted papers should meet the journal’s scope and aims and be prepared in accordance with our guidelines. The editorial office does not charge any submission or processing fees.

In order to prepare the submitted paper properly, please read the instruction prepared by our editors.

General information

1. Paper together with visual aids and references cannot contain more than 15 pages of text.
2. Visual aids included in the paper (tables, drawings) should be situated in proper places.
3. Original files including data presented in tables and figures shall be sent additionally in their original formats: .xls, .xlsx, .jpg, .png, .tif. These files shall be described and numbered in keeping with the numbering with which they are provided in the text (e.g. Table 1, Figure 2, etc.). Each visual element shall be send separately.

Text and composition of the paper

1. The Author’s given and last name, title/academic/professional degree (font Times New Roman, 12pt, left-aligned).
2. The name of represented institution—affiliation—e.g. university, faculty (font Times New Roman, 12pt, left-aligned).
3. ORCID (if available) (font Times New Roman, 10pt, left-aligned).
4. Correspondence address (in case of co-author’s texts, address of the person to whom correspondence should be addressed) (font Times New Roman, 10pt, left-aligned).
5. Abstract in the language of the paper (150–200 words), which structure reflects the one of the text (introduction, material and methods, results, conclusions) (font Times New Roman, 10pt, justified).
6. Keywords – 3 words/phrases minimum, which are not a repetition of the title (font Times New Roman, 10pt, left-aligned).
7. Title (font Times New Roman, 12pt, bold, centered).
8. The body of the paper (font Times New Roman, 12pt, justified).
9. Abstract in Polish language (150–200 words), if the paper is in English, or English, if the paper is in other languages, and keywords reflecting the first abstract and keywords, if it comes to the content (font Times New Roman, 10pt, justified).

Detailed information

1. The text should have a fundamental logical breakdown. Particular parts of the text should be numbered (Arabic numerals) and titled. The numbering shall also include Introduction and Conclusion. Only two-level structure of subtitles is acceptable (1, 2, 3, … 1.1, 1.2, … 2.3…). Titles of the parts of the text (font Times New Roman, 12pt, bold, left-aligned).
2. Continuous page numbering throughout the whole text is required. The number shall be placed in the bottom right corner.

Highlights in the text

Italic. The use of italics is recommended for:

• citing article titles, book titles and chapters;
• citing the subtitles put in the work;
• introducing the important concepts and terms;
• words and phrases in foreign languages (with the exception of those, that have been adopted and are widely used in English);
• symbols in mathematical formulas and statistics.

A double quotation mark is used for direct quotations from other works. To highlight the text quoted, Chevron is used in the quoted passage: “Quote quote quote «quote quote qoute» quote” (Name, year, pp. …–…).

It is acceptable to use number and punktor lists. Acceptable punktors: ―, • (applied uniformly throughout the work).

Attention! The following should not be used in the text:

• spaces before punctuation marks,
• automatic and manual hyphenation,
• hard line breaks (Shift + Enter),
• multiply spaces due to intend indentation of the first paragraph or go to the next line,
• dots after titles, subtitles or tables and figures titles.

Citations and footnotes

1. The recommended standard is APA citation style (author-date method of in-text citation).
   Note! Personal names introduced to the text at first appearing shall consist of full name (given and last name/names).
2. Content footnotes should be placed at the bottom of the same page on which they were referred to and where their digital links were placed. The use of this kind of notes is not recommended and should be kept to a minimum. The system used to place them should be continuous for the entire text of the work.
3. In-text citations. References to literature in the text should be marked by placing the author’s last name in parentheses (without name or initials) and the year of publication. If the name of the author of the cited work appears in the text, only the work’s year of publication is to be put in parentheses. If a piece of another author’s text is cited, it should be enclosed in quotation marks and, in parentheses next to the author’s name and year of publication edition, the page number from which the text was taken should also be placed: Text text text (Name, year); ”Text text text” (Name, year, p. 6).
4. If the work has got several authors, the following rules are applied:

• In case of the two authors in reference, both names shall be given separated by a comma: Text text text (Name1, Name2, year).
• For three or four authors in the first reference, in the text should be mentioned all the names, separated by commas. In subsequent references of the same work should be given only the name of the first author, and the following names shall be replaced by the abbreviation: et al. Text text text (Name1, Name2, Name3, Name4, year). Text text text (Name1 et al., year).
• In case of publication, which has five or more authors, give only the name of the first one, and the other surnames replace with the abbreviation: et al. in both the first and subsequent references.

5. In published in the same year works of different authors holding the same surname, author’s name initial should be added to the surname. This will help avoid ambiguity and will send the reader to the appropriate entry in the bibliographic reference: Text text text (Smith A., year). Text text text text text (Smith B., year).
6. In the case of the reference in the same text to more than one publication, place all the references in one common parentheses, separated by semicolons, and arranging the reference in alphabetical order by author (first author in the case of joint publication): Text text text (Abbott, 2018; Beck, 2019; Cello, Smith, 2009).
7. If two or more documents cited in the text have got the same author (the first element of the description) and year of publication, they are distinguished by adding small letters (a, b, c, etc.) after the year of edition (no spaces). The year with the attached letter should be included in the bibliographic reference: Text text text (Smith, 2010a); Text text text (Smith, 2010b).

Note! Avoid indirect citing. Such quoting is acceptable when the work is difficult to find or available only in an unknown, to the author, language. In this case, the text should be referred the original work and secondary source is to be preceded by the preposition ‘after:’ (with a colon). Only the secondary source shall be given in the bibliographic reference: Text text text text text text text text text text (Name, year, after: Name, year).

Direct quotations

Text must be quoted exactly with the original spelling and punctuation. The first letter of the quote first word can be changed on a large or small depending on the context. Any explanations which do not originate from the cited work (e.g. author’s remarks), or indication of the missing part of the text should be placed in square brackets: “Quote quote quote [author’s comment] quote quote [... ] quote” (Name, year, pp. …–…).

References

1. Bibliography should be prepared in alphabetical order by authors’ last names. The author’s first name should be replaced by its initials. A comma follows the last name of the author.
2. The year of publication shall be posted after the author/s’ name/s in parentheses.
3. The title of the publication should be highlighted in italics; in the description of the article in the publication closed in italics title of the original document should be distinguished, in case of an article in the journal, the journal title should be distinguished.
4. The obligatory elements of bibliographic description:

Book
Name, I. (year). Title of book. Place of publication: Publisher. ISBN.
Name, I. (eds.). (year). Title of book. Place of publication: Publisher. ISBN.

Article from a journal
Name, I. (year). Title of article. Journal title, volume(issue), pages from–to.
Example: Kaufman, B.E. (2014). The historical development of American HRM broadly viewed. Human Resource Management Review, 24(3), 196–218.

Article in a collective work
Name, I. (year). Title of the article in a collective work. In: I. Name (ed.). Title of the collective work (p. from-to). Place of publication: Publisher. ISBN.
Example: Kozioł, L.A., Pyrek, R.W. (2014). The concept of classification of tourist motivation factors. In: V. Katsoni (ed.) Cultural tourism in a digital era (p. 57–66). Cham: Springer. ISBN 9783319158587.

Electronic document
In the case of electronic documents at the end of bibliographic description should be given the electronic document identification number (Digital Object Identifier ‒ DOI).
Name, I. (year). Title of article. Journal title, no, p. from–to. DOI:

If the text on the web page does not have a DOI number, it shall include the author, date of publication (if known), title, date of access [in square brackets] and address of the page from which the text was obtained.
Name, I. (year). Title [online, accessed: yyyy-mm-dd]. Retrieved form Internet: www address.

5. After each description and a dot should be placed.
6. Do not enter the division by types of publications (e.g. books, journal articles).
7. Do not include legislative acts to the bibliography―information about such documents should be placed in the text.

Tables

1. For the verbal-numeral combinations you should adopt the name: table.
2. Tables should be numbered with Arabic numerals (continuous numbering throughout the whole paper) and bear with title.
3. Each column (also the first) must be applied to the headline written with a capital letter. In the tables you should not leave empty spaces. In case of lack of data you should use conventional signs:

• dash (―) the phenomenon does not exist;
• zero (0) the phenomenon exists, although in smaller amounts than the numbers, which might be expressed with visible in the table digital characters;
• dot (.) total lack of information or the lack of authoritative information;
• (X) the filling of the line is not possible or not applicable due to the layout of the table.

4. Annotations regarding the content of the table should be placed after the table and before information about the source. Abbreviations used in the table should be explained in the main annotation (if they appear in another tables annotation should be repeated under each of them).
5. Under each table the source should be indicated. In the case of tables containing author’s results following should be indicated: Source: Author’s own elaboration.
6. 

Figures

1. For drawings, charts, diagrams, schemes you should adopt the name: figure.
2. The figures should be numbered with Arabic numerals (continuous numbering throughout the whole paper) and bear with title (placed under the figures).
3. Under every figure, similar to the tables, the information about the source should be placed.
4. Due to copyright law and low resolution, illustrations downloaded from the Internet should not be attached. Minimum resolution of illustrations and photographs is 300 dpi.
5. The illustrative material will not be printed in colour!

Note! If no more than three numerical values are presented, put them in the text of work, avoiding presenting them in the form of the drawing (pie chart, bar chart, etc.). If there are more data, a table or figure should be taken into account.

Formulas and equations should be numbered with Arabic numerals placed in parentheses on the right side of the formula. Variables should be in italics. Constants and numbers – in Roman type.  The text explaining the meaning of the symbols used, should be placed directly under the formula in separate lines.

We remind authors that the principles on the ethics of scientific work place an obligation on authors to disclose information about the entities which helped in the creation of the article (by indicating substantive, material and financial contribution etc.). In a similar manner, indication of co-authorship in an article of persons who did not actually participate in writing the article or whose participation was negligible, shall be looked upon as manifestation of scientific misconduct. All measures taken by authors submitting papers for publication in The Malopolska School of Economics in Tarnow Research Papers Collection, which violate the approved ethical principles in science, shall be documented by the editors, and in justified cases, the editor-in-chief shall take the decision to notify the institution which employs the author.